GLP-1 medications are a class of drugs designed to mimic the action of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) hormone. GLP-1 is naturally produced in the intestines in response to food intake and plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism. It stimulates the release of insulin, which helps regulate blood sugar levels, and it also reduces the production of glucagon, a hormone that raises blood sugar.

In addition to its effects on blood sugar, GLP-1 has been found to influence appetite and food intake. GLP-1 receptor agonists are synthetic drugs that activate the GLP-1 receptors, leading to increased insulin secretion, decreased glucagon production, and a sense of fullness, which can contribute to weight loss.